
Finance Canada warned of record population surge due to immigration
A Finance Canada briefing note warned last year that Canada was undergoing “unprecedented population growth” driven by temporary residents, with serious consequences for housing, wages, and economic productivity. The July 2024 document, an access to information release shared with True North, sai

A Finance Canada briefing note warned last year that Canada was undergoing “unprecedented population growth” driven by temporary residents, with serious consequences for housing, wages, and economic productivity.
The July 2024 document, an access to information release shared with True North, said the federal government had set a target of reducing the share of temporary residents to five per cent of the population within three years. Instead, the proportion has since climbed above seven per cent, nearly double the level recorded in 2019.
“Canada has faced unprecedented population growth over the last couple of years, driven largely by increases in temporary residents,” the note stated. “This has helped fill labour shortages but has made housing less affordable and hurt productivity and GDP per capita.”
Charts in the document showed that Canada’s population grew by more than one million people in both 2022 and 2023, a pace not seen since the postwar boom. The federal analysis identified work permit holders as the largest group, accounting for nearly half of all temporary residents, followed by international students and asylum claimants.
Statistics Canada separately reported that Canada’s population increased by 1.27 million in 2023, with 97.6 per cent of that growth coming from international migration — the fastest expansion since 1957.
Despite promises to rein in temporary immigration, new federal data show the trend has continued under Prime Minister Mark Carney.
Between January and April 2025, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada finalized more than 817,000 newcomeradmissions across permanent and temporary streams. That included 132,100 new permanent residents, 194,000 study permits and 491,400 work permits.
A separate Immigration Ministry briefing note dated May 1, 2025, reported that temporary foreign workers now account for nearly 19 per cent of Canada’s 16.5 million private-sector employees, with the overall temporary resident population exceeding three million.
That figure includes an estimated 129,000 people who overstayed visas, along with 644,000 study permit holders, 164,000 family members without permits of their own and more than 280,000 asylum claimants holding work permits.
The Carney government has pledged to reduce temporary admissions to five per cent of the population by 2027 and to cap permanent resident admissions at about 400,000 per year.
But with more than 2 million applications still backlogged and immigration inflows running at record levels, those commitments remain far from realization.
Unions have also raised alarms.
In March, Ironworkers Local 97 in B.C. urged Ottawa to pause the Temporary Foreign Worker program, warning it was weakening wages and employment opportunities for Canadian tradespeople at a time of rising U.S. tariffs.
The warnings echo Finance Canada’s 2024 analysis, which cautioned that mass migration undermines housing affordability, wage growth, and the long-term prosperity of Canadians.
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